Chemical and evolutionary analysis of the scent gland secretions of two species of Gonyleptes Kirby, 1819 (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores)

The subfamily Gonyleptinae is the second largest in Gonyleptidae, harboring over 100 species. polyphyletic, nestled clade K92, and despite its richness, several species of that have not had their chemicals defensive secretions analyzed. Among these are Gonyleptes curticornis (Mello-Leitão, 1940) G. horridus Kirby, 1819, latter being particularly important, because it type genus, which turn names Gonyleptinae. also used many phylogenetic analyses, be using morphological or molecular data. chemical study two by GC–MS 1H NMR showed presence 1-(6-isopropyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-methylbutanone, 1-(6-isopropyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl) isobutanone 4-methyl-1-hepten-3-one both On other hand, 4-methyl-1-hexen-3-one was observed only curticornis, 7-methyl-2-octanol exclusive horridus. All vinyl-ketones identified already been described for Gonyleptidae. We ran an Ancestral Character State Reconstruction (ASR) analysis under three different conditions to infer evolution compounds (based on modified characters a previous study) nature (multistate character, either as alkylphenol, benzoquinone vinyl-ketone) Gonyleptidae phylogeny. Our results corroborate studies alkylphenol ancestral most condition, changing ancestor even earlier grassatorean depending analysis. Vinyl-ketones synapomorphy K92. briefly discuss character codifications use weights ASR analyses specific compounds, were inconclusive. shared genus Sodreana Mello-Leitão, 1922. 1-(6-(1-methyl-propyl)3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2yl)2-methylbutanone Moreiranula saprophila. From taxonomic standpoint, combinations might help diagnose supraspecific groups but given our limited sample, such decision should taken with care further tested. Finally, first time emphasizing diverse K92 clade.